(4)+Breathing+&+gas+exchange

(1) Breathing & gas exchange
 * Definition
 * 2 sets of muscles (Names, locations, diagrams)
 * Written sequence of what occurs
 * Diagrams to aid notes
 * Explanation involving ideas of volume changes and pressure changes…
 * What gases are exchanged?
 * How much … gas is actually used?

Breathing : Process of taking air into your lungs by using two groups of muscle Gas exchange: Gas exchange is the operation of transfering air that you have inhaled also known as oxygen into your blood and abstracting carbon dioxide from your blood so you can exhale.
 * Definition

Intercostal muscle : Contract and pulls ribcage outward to increase volume of rib cage to inhale. Relax and rib cage falls downward and inward to exhale. Location: At the bottom of the rib cage and lungs Diaphragm : Contraction and expansion of diaphragm helps the inhale and exhale air from lungs by increasing the volume of the lungs. Diaphragm expand and contract downwards and upwards. Location: Between the ribs in the chest region. Diagram:
 * 2 sets of muscles (Names, locations, diagrams)

Air rushes in lungs, diaphragm and intercostal expand to increase the volume of the lungs, while reducing the pressure inside lungs Air is forced out, diaphragm and intercostal relax and returns to its original shame to force the air out, while increasing the pressure of the lungs Air moves from high pressure to low pressure So by enlarging out lungs volume it is actually lowering out lungs pressure, which then higher pressure atmosphere air then moves into lower pressure lungs, which is the reason why our body inhale in air. The same things goes to other way around, when we exhale our lungs is actually increasing the lung pressure which then force the air to go out of the lungs and into the lower pressure atmosphere. Gas exchange is when our body uses oxygen to burn "oxidize" food to release energy for the cells to stay alive. This process produces carbon dioxides and water vapor. Gas exchange happens on a gas exchange surface. The gas that are exchanged are oxygen and carbon dioxide. It uses oxygen gas in the air, gets rid of carbon dioxide and releases the carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. Our atmosphere consists of 71% nitrogen, 28% oxygen, and 1% for other gases such as carbon dioxide. Everytime we breath, we collect about 4-5% of the oxgen in the air we inhaled, and we add around the same amount in carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. An average human on an average day breathes aroung 20,000 times. That's around 7-8 liters of air a minute, and 11,000 liters a day. Of those 11,000, around 550 liters of pure oxygen are consumed by a single human being in one day.
 * Written sequence of what occurs
 * Explanation involving ideas of volume changes and pressure changes…
 * What gases are exchanged?
 * How much … gas is actually used?

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